Activity 6: Acids and Bases

1.       Complete the Teaching Idea “Concept Questions for Chemistry using PhET” posted by Trish Loeblein on the pH Scale simulation. On your blog post the answers with your scientific explanations from the “Clicker Questions pH Scale” posted by Trish.

1.       The color of a solution identifies if it is an acid, base, or neutral solution. True or False

o False: pH determines if it is a base, acid, or neutral.

2.       Which solution is basic?

o D. More than one which is both B & C. Both are above a pH of 7

3.       Which Solution is acidic?

o C. High Level of H30+ shows that it is acidic

4.       Which solution is basic?

o B. the pH = 13-

5.       Which solution is acidic?

o D. More than one which is both A&B

6.       How will adding water affect the pH?

o A. Increase the pH

7.       How will equal amount of water affect the pH?

o B. Decrease the pH

8.       What is the order from most acidic to most basic?

o A. ABC lower the pH higher acidity, higher pH more basic

9.       What is the order from the most acidic to most basic?

o C. BAC lower the pH, higher acidity

10.   If spit has a pH=7.4 what does that tell you about the water equilibrium?

o A. Something was added that made the equilibrium shift left

2.       Complete the Teaching Idea “Intro to Strong and Weak Acids and Bases” posted by Chris Bires on the Acid-Base Solutions simulation and post on your blog your data and answers to the questions posed.

Activity 5: States of Matter and Intermolecular Forces

1.       Convert

o   0°F= 255.4K

o   32°F=273.15K

o   70°F=294.26K

o   212°F=373.15K

2.       Complete the Teaching Idea: States of Matter Simulation Lab by Kelly Vaughan. Complete the lab worksheet as if you were a student, and then post this on your blog.

o    

 

 

 

3.       In the States of Matter simulation, choose the Solid, Liquid, and Gas Tab at the top of the screen. Choose the water molecule and cool the water to 0 K. Describe how the water molecules are aligned and attracted to each other. Which atoms are attracted to which other atoms?

o   The hydrogen atoms are attracted to the oxygen atoms on all of the molecules.

4.       Switch to the Phase Changes Tab on the States of Matter simulation. Notice how on the bottom right there is a small red dot that indicates where the system is at as far as temperature, pressure and state of matter. Play with the simulation to notice changes, notice that when you push down the pressure can go way up and explode the box. On your blog, report a temperature and pressure required to make oxygen a liquid. This is sometimes how the oxygen exists in pressurized oxygen tanks, perhaps like ones you may use to go diving.

o   It can be possible for the pressure to be around 3 ATM and a temperature of 112K.

5.       List and describe at least two Science Standards that this activity addresses.

o   A.4.1 When conducting science investigations, ask and answer questions that will help decide the general areas of science being addressed.

o   A.8.6 Use models and explanations to predict actions and events in the natural world.

Activity 4: Density 

1. Run the Build an Atom simulation and build a neutral lithium atom and a neutral boron atom. Take a picture, or a screen shot, of these two atoms. List the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each. Also look up and post the density for each of the elements on your blog.

o   Lithium: 3 Protons, 4 Neutrons, 3 Electrons, Density is .53g/cm3

o   Boron: 5 Protons, 6 Neutrons, 5 Electrons, Density is 2.34 g/cm3

2. Define density and the equation for density.

o   The density of a substance is the quantity of mass per unit of volume. D=M/V

3. Run the Density simulation and complete one activity of the prepared Teaching Ideas and post results.

 Name: Ashley Weimar

Density

Introduction:  Density is a physical property of matter that is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by its volume.  Volume can be computed for a regular object by multiplying length x width x height.  Another way to compute volume is by submerging an object into a liquid.  You must record the starting volume of the liquid and the final volume after the object has been submerged.  Then subtract the starting volume from the final volume. 

Procedure:

• Open the internet browser and enter the address:  http://phet.colorado.edu
• Click on “Play with Sims” and select “Chemistry” from the menu on the left.
• Open the “Density” Simulation and select “Run Now”

Objectives:

• Describe how the concept of density relates to an object's mass and volume.
• Explain how objects of similar mass can have differing volume, and how objects of similar volume can have differing mass.
• Measure the volume of an object by observing the amount of fluid it displaces.
• Identify an unknown material by calculating its density and comparing to a table of known densities.

Investigate:

1.       On the Blocks menu (top right) select Same Mass. 

2.      One at a time, take a block, lower it into the liquid, and record its volume.  If it floats, you will need to hold it under the water to record its volume.  Then compute each block’s density.

Blue:      Mass is 5kg

                Volume is 5L

                =1kg/L

Yellow: Mass is 5kg

                Volume is 10L

                =.5kg/L

Green:  Mass is 5kg

                Volume is 2.50L

                = 2kg/L

Red:       Mass is 5kg

                Volume is 1.25

                =4kg/L

3.       Repeat for Same Volume.

Blue:      Mass is 6kg

                Volume is 5L

                =1.2kg/L

Yellow: Mass is 8kg

                Volume is 5L

                =1.6kg/L

Green:  Mass is 4kg

                Volume 5L

                =.8kg/L

Red:       Mass is 2kg

                Volume is 5L

                =.4kg/L

4.       Repeat for Same Density

Blue:      Mass is 3kg

                Volume is 3.75L

                =.8kg/L

Yellow: Mass is 4kg

                Volume is 5L

                =.8kg/L

Green:  Mass is 2kg

                Volume is 2.50

                =.8kg/L

Red:       Mass is1kg

                Volume is 1.25L

                =.8kg/L

5.       Repeat for Mystery. This time you will also have to take the mass of each object. After computing the density, select Show table and identify each object.

IDENTIFICATION

A:            Mass is 65.14 kg                                                                         Gold

                Volume is 3.38L

                =19.27kg/L

B:            Mass is .64kg                                                                              Apple

                Volume is 1L

                =.64kg/L

C:            Mass is 4.08kg                                                                         Gasoline

                Volume is 5.83L

                =.70kg/L

D:            Mass is 3.10kg                                                                              Ice

                Volume is 3.38L

                =.92kg/L

E:            Mass is 3.53kg                                                                           Diamond

                Volume is 1L

                =3.53kg/L

                

  4. (mass, volume, and density) and the identification of the material and the known density.

o   Gold

·   Mass: 65.14kg

·   Volume: 3.38L

·   Density: 19.27kg/L

o   Apple

·   Mass: .64kg

·   Volume: 1L

·   Density: .64kg/L

o   Gasoline

·   Mass: 4.08kg

·   Volume: 5.83L

·   Density: .70kg/L

o   Ice

·   Mass: 3.10kg

·   Volume: 3.38L

·   Density: .92kg/L

o   Diamond

·   Mass: 3.53kg

·   Volume: 1L

·   Density: 3.53kg/L

5.    Identify the Science Standards that could be met through these activities.

o   A.4.1 When conducting science investigations, ask and answer questions that will help decide the general areas of science being addressed.

o   C.4.5 Use data they have collected to develop explanations and answer questions generated by investigations.

o   C4.6 Communicate the results of their investigations in ways their audiences will understand by using charts, graphs, drawings, written descriptions,  and various other means, to display their answers.

o   C8.8 Use computer software and other technologies to organize, process, and present their data. 

Activity 3: Common Molecules, Structures and Names

Questions/Activates:

1.     A picture of 3-dimensional Ball and Stick molecular models. A molecular structure image and the IUPAC name of the molecule.

o   Ammonia

o   Ethane

o   Hydrogen Peroxide

2.     Images from the web, the chemical systematic (IUPAC) name, common name, and the molecule formula for 20 chemicals that you use or eat. Explore the ingredients of things like cosmetics and foods.

o   Salt, Sodium Chloride, NaCI

o   Limestone, Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3

o   Baking Soda, Sodium Bicarbonate, NaHCO3

o   Chalk, Calcium Carbonate, CaCo3

o   Bleach, Sodium Hypochlorite, NaCIO

o   Shampoo, Ammonium Chloride, NH4CI

o   Sugar, Sucrose, C12H22O11

o   Deodorant, Aluminum Chloride, AICI3

o   Toothpaste, Sodium Fluoride, NaF

o   Alcohol, Ethanol, C2H6O

o   Fuel, Propane, C3H8

o   Water, Oxidane, H20

o   Sand, Silicon Dioxide, SiO2

o   Sunscreen, Avobenzone, C20H22O3

o   Windex, Ammonia, NH3

o   Aspirin, Acetylsalicylic Acid, CH3COOC6H4COOH

o   Battery Acid, Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4

o   Finger Nail Polish, Propanone, CH3COCH3

o   Rubbing Alcohol, Propanol, CH3CHOHCH3

o   Vinegar, Acetic Acid, C2H4O2

3.      Look over molecules and the bonding characteristics, how many bonds does each of the following elements typically have? Carbon? Hydrogen? Oxygen?

o   Carbon: 4

o   Hydrogen: 1

o   Oxygen: 2

4.     What does IUPAC stand for?

o   International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

5.      Explore ingredients; notice how everything around us is made up of chemicals consisting of atoms bound together into molecules. But what about companies that claim their products are chemical free, how can this be?

o   When exploring ingredients you really do see how we are surrounded by a lot of things that are made up of chemicals. I think that the companies claim their products chemical free because they want their product to sell, but also because they might be talking about how there is no harmful chemicals in their products.